Gastric bypass surgery reduces the size of the stomach so that a limited amount of food may be eaten at one time. A smaller stomach is bypassed or connected to the small intestine, allowing only a small portion of food to pass slowly. This gives the feeling of being fuller and satisfied much faster, resulting in quick weight loss. Although it is a fast way to lose weight, this surgery is not without its share of risks. Some studies indicate that 1 out of every 50 patients die within a time frame of 30 days from the date of the surgery. Other statistics show that the death rate for bariatric surgery is approximately 0.2 to 1 percent.
Dangers of Gastric Bypass Surgery
Often people that are undergoing this surgery are very obese and normally not physically fit. They may begin surgery with breathing difficulties or heart disease, making this procedure even more risky.
Because many blood vessels have to be cut in order to separate the stomach and move the bowels, excessive blood may be lost which could require a blood transfusion. Bleeding or perforation of the stomach or bowels is a risk.
Adhesions (scar tissue) that is formed from a surgery can become twisted and attach to internal organs causing a risk during surgery.
Possible Complications after the Surgery
Because larger patients tend to have more abdominal fat, a laparoscopic surgery is usually not an option. In this situation, an open surgery must be performed and imposes more health risks for the patient. Where there is a larger cut and wound, there is a greater chance for infection. If an infection is the consequence, many daily follow-up appointments are required often for several months for debridement (the removal of infected or dead tissue) of the infected wound area, along with a daily change of bandages.
The consumption of fatty and sugary foods following a gastric bypass surgery can cause violent episodes of vomiting and diarrhea. When changes in the stomach occur, ulcers may develop.
Vitamins and nutrients are lost because the body is no longer able to absorb all of the food that the body normally intakes. The new smaller meals may lead to nutritional deficiencies. When fewer calories are consumed, the body may become lethargic with decreased levels of energy.
If the patient continues to overeat, the pouch of the stomach can enlarge and get bigger again. Of course by eating more, the weight can be regained.
Because the weight loss is happening quickly, there is an increased possibility of developing gall stones. A hernia may develop from the surgery itself or if the procedure does not heal well. If there is greater difficulty to walk after a gastric bypass, blood clots may occur. As well, with the inability to move freely, bed sores may also develop.
This type of surgery is normally only considered once all other diet treatments and programs have been attempted but have failed, as it is not easily reversed. Although gastric bypass surgery is complicated and does impose risks, it may be a successful choice for those that may face greater disadvantages without the surgery.
